The Story Of The Soldiers - The Things They Carried - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1604 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/04/11 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Things They Carried Essay Did you like this example? In the novel The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien tells the story of a group of soldiers in the Vietnam war who, as a band of brothers, went through so much together. This story details the struggles and internal battles that these men had to deal with during their time in Vietnam and even after the war was done. Many of these men were drafted into the war and not many of them wanted to be there. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Story Of The Soldiers The Things They Carried" essay for you Create order These were kids who were not ready for war as they were just beginning their time as adults. When they were put into a situation such as the Vietnam war, one could only expect for them to come out different than they were before. These men not only had to carry weight of their supplies, but also the emotional weight that they had to carry with the turmoil they experienced as soldiers. Through this thought, O’Brien throughout the novel uses many different strategies to display what these men were carrying and how it affected them deeply through their time in the war and their time after the war. In the first Chapter of this novel, â€Å"The Things They Carried†, O’Brien right away begins to describe the things they carried. Throughout the whole chapter he addresses what these soldiers carry and how it affects them. However, he speaks most about the things that are the physical and tangible items. But as the book and chapter go on, the focus begins to mainly start to change and he looks closer at the intangible things that these soldiers are holding on to. Whether the emotion is fear, sadness, guilt, responsibility, these soldiers are experiencing it. The first out example of this in the book is through what Jimmy Cross carried. A photograph of a girl he loved named Martha (1). This photo is his reminder of his life back home and also his hopes of being back with the girl that he loved. Martha and the letters, photos, and pebble she sent are on his mind all of the time. He was always thinking about anything that had to do with her. He was carrying the dream that she loved and thought about him just as much as he did her. However, this constant thought and emotional weight that he carried with the constant thought of Martha distracted him much of the time. At one time when he was thinking about Martha, one of his men, Ted Lavender, was shot and killed. After this event, Cross felt very guilty for the death of Lavender. â€Å"He tried not to cry. With his enriching tool, which weighed 5 pounds, he began digging a hole in the earth. He felt shame. He hated himself. He loved Martha more than his men, and as a consequence Lavender was now dead, and this was something he would have to carry like a stone in his stomach for the rest of the war† (16). O’Brien in this sentence is drawing a parallel between the physical items such as the photos and the pebble or stone, and the emotional weight that it caused Jimmy Cross to carry for the rest of the war and even his life. Another example of O’Brien drawing a parallel with the physical and intangible things comes again with Jimmy Cross. As the Lieutenant, he has the most responsibility and he has to carry the maps of Vietnam with him (5). The responsibility to carry the maps bears physical weight, at the same time he is also carrying the emotional weight of the responsibil ity he has to look after his men. All of the emotional weight is overwhelming for how young these men are. Jimmy Cross is a 24 year old and is carrying all this responsibility he doesn’t even want, shown bluntly after Kiowa was killed, â€Å"Jimmy Cross did not want the responsibility of leading these men† (160). When O’Brien draws these connections between the physical things that were carried and how it relates to the emotions they carry, it allows for the reader to really experience and understand the burden these men have to bear. The idea of these things that these soldiers are carrying changes throughout the book. After the first chapter talks about the physical things, O’Brien intends for the reader to look more into the emotions that these men carry through their experiences. There are a few examples that stand out as they show exactly what war can do to a person mentally. The first example is through the story of Norman Bowker. Bowker is a soldier who in his time in Vietnam went through a lot. However, the event that stuck with him the most was when Kiowa died and Bowker tried to save him but couldn’t. This experience and the rest of his time in the war changed Bowker as person. When he got back from the war he couldn’t help but carry feeling of sadness, guilt, and shame. All these feelings along with the thought that he had no purpose left to serve after being in the war led to an inability for him to connect to his life as it was before. With all these feeling that he carried back f rom Vietnam, he feels lost in his thought and lives without a purpose. This is shown when he drives around the lake in circles over and over again (131). It seems that he can not forget about his experiences during the war but also is not able to talk about it leading to Bowker being trapped in his thoughts. In the end, he can not deal with all these feelings he has carried back from his time in Vietnam and meets an unfortunate demise when he commits suicide (149). War affects people in many different ways. Another person it changed was the character O’Brien. He is another character in this story that went through a lot. He had to kill a man while in Vietnam and when he did, he was consumed by guilt and regret. When talking about this experience in the book, he does not ever use a first person point of view as he is trying to distance himself from the experience. O’Brien looks at the man whose life he just took for a long period of time. In this time he thinks about this soldier’s story, of how he got to this point and what his plan s were for the rest of his life (118-124). It is easy to see that killing this man affected O’Brien greatly and after the war this leaves an impact on him. The war in general never left his mind and events caused it. O’Brien carries the guilt from taking away this man’s life and especially taking his future from him leaving an imprint emotionally on his mind. Tim O’Brien develops the idea of these soldiers carrying emotional baggage through their journey constantly throughout the whole book in every story told. He accomplishes this by using many literary devices. This is first introduced in the chapter â€Å"The Things They Carried†. He talks about these physical things that these men are carrying and uses repetition to not only make the reader notice the theme but to begin his idea of what the soldiers are carrying allowing him to utilize it throughout the rest of the book (1-25). O’Brien also uses point of view to emphasize what the soldiers are carrying. In the chapter â€Å"Speaking of Courage†, the third person point of view that looks into Norman Bowker’s thoughts allows the reader to see exactly what he has carried home from the war. With how O’Brien writes knowing Bowker’s thoughts allows a deeper understanding of the helplessness and feeling of being lost that he experiences. In th is way, O’Brien is able to convey what Bowker is carrying emotionally most effectively. In the chapter â€Å"Field Trip†, O’Brien goes back to Vietnam to show his daughter a place that took up a large part of his life. When he uses first person point of view, he is able to relay his thoughts and emotions after returning to a place where he faced so much adversity and dealt with many hardships. When O’Brien returns to the spot of Kiowa’s death to pay his respects, he thinks about his greatly about his time of service and the part of his life spent in Vietnam. With how this is written in this point of view, the reader is able to see how greatly he carries the thought of his time in Vietnam and the memory of the men he served with every day. By being in his mind through this chapter, the audience can really grasp how deeply the war has affected him. In The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien writes about the Vietnam war and the stories of the soldiers who were a part of it. However, O’Brien takes the narrative deeper using the theme of each soldier carrying something. The war affects every soldier whether it is physically or mentally, it leaves none untouched. O’Brien provides the reader with many examples throughout the story of how it can leave a mark on their mind, leaving the emotions of guilt, sadness, regret, or fear. He uses many different tactics to support this theme making it stick with the reader. The soldiers have to carry many supplies for themselves in battle that all have physical weight, but O’Brien is able to convey that sometimes the intangible things carry even more weight.

Ethical Legal Dilemma Advanced Practice Nursing Case Study II

Ethical Legal Dilemma Advanced Practice Nursing Case Study II Norman Ginn Kaplan Ethical and Legal Perspectives MN 506 Tracy Towne Ethical Legal Dilemma Advanced Practice Nursing Case Study II Health insurance policies have set limits on what services will be paid for with a terminally ill person in the home and these limitations may conflict with the nurse’s obligation to provide care for the terminally ill patient (Fry, Veatch Taylor, 2011). Speaking with the family of a 59 year old male with his only history being terminal lung cancer that has metastasized to the brain, they express concern that they are beginning to have increase difficulty managing this condition. The patient is receiving hospice currently in the home,†¦show more content†¦The Affordable Care Act bans insurance companies from placing lifetime dollar limits on health benefits, which will prevent individuals suffering from chronic diseases from having to worry about going without treatment because of their lifetime limits and it restricts the use of annual limits and bans them completely in 2014 (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, n.d.). The ethical principle that will be violated here is the respect for person and the concept of deontology. Deontology means that some behaviors are our duty, whether there is benefit or not (Fry, Veatch Taylor, 2011). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2012), says that deontology is within the moral theories that guide and assess our choices of what we ought to do and what type of person we should be. Again, proper education to the family, prior to discharge of this patient and by the nurses within the hospice agency could have avoided this occurring. Respect for person involves autonomy, but not all individuals are able to acting autonomously. This requires the ability to set goals and make choices, and this may be compromised at times in a person’s life. Defined by the Belmont Report, respect for persons requires that these vulnerable individuals be offered special protections during periods when they cannot act autonomously.Show MoreRelatedEthics And Moral Standards Of An Individual1256 Words   |  6 Pages Ethical Considerations in Advanced Practice Kristin Curcione Daemen College â€Æ' Ethics scrutinizes actions and moral standards of an individual. Many times, the answer is unclear or has no specific course of action when one is confronted with an ethical dilemma. 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Reflective Draft Free Essays

Through the activities was undertaken in class about negotiation, I realized that different negotiation tactics have crucial impact on negotiation in the workplace. In the activities, I was assigned to play the role of manager (Dale Williams). I need to persuade two of my subordinates to wear safety glasses. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Draft or any similar topic only for you Order Now I use pressure to told Taylor she should allow the principle of company, if she doesn’t wear safety galsses, she will be fired. I give her pressure. she wants keep her job, finally, we were got a deal. And she is unhappy. In the second turn, I changed my way of talking to Chris Johnson. First I show my care of her, I asked her do u have problems of your eyes. Then I tell her experience of J. B. Harris. J. B. Harris was suffered a serious accident in another division. And she missed six weeks of work after an eye injury. If don’t wear safety glasses when work, it is easy to have risk to hurt eyes. Finally , we got a deal, and she is happy this time.. contrast these same situation but different experience and different tactics I used. I realized that the first time I used of fear to evoke a desired response from Taylor. It is nor effective. when I want to negotiation and get a deal. the better way and easy way is show my sympathy and worry first . it is easy let people can accept. KNOW:::From the aactivity, I know effective and good communication is an essentially significant source of negotiation power. A good communicator can manager a group or an organization easily. At the same time, it also can improve the pproduactivity of work.. on occasion, good communication is not easy. It needs people who . In fact, from this role play, I also know listening is very important. For example, Obama is good at motivation , when listen his speech, I always full of energy. And willing to accepet what he present. I realize the barriers existed in the process of negotiation. In this process, my parten is from indonisia as Pat Taylor. but I come from Chian. When we communicate, we have language barri. She have been this comapy for 20 years, More than me. She is the informal leaders of the group of more experienced employeers. I wanna she can tell me more about her experience. But she The tutor teach us types of influence tactics. Power used well achieves effective communication and positive results. Negotiating power is the ability of the negotiator to influene the behavior of another. What actions do you plan to take based on what you learnt? did you discover that a particular influence tactic is more/less effective and therefore are you likely to use this tactic in future negotiations? What did you learn about your natural preferences for influencing tactics based on? the aactivity? you might have felt more comfortable using ‘rationality’ and less comfortable using one or more other tactics. How to cite Reflective Draft, Essays

Paths of Conventional and Alternative Tourism †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Paths of Conventional and Alternative Tourism. Answer: Introduction Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll is one of the secretarial districts of the Maldives that is developed by the Southwestern section of Huvadhu Atoll. There are total of 153 islands in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll out of which 10 are inhabited (Zubair, Bowen Altinay, 2015). The study puts emphasis on accessing the local tourism development in Gaafu Dhaalu, Maldives because tourism is one of the most important sectors of the financial system and accounts for more than 30% of Gross Domestic Product and over 60% of foreign currency earnings. Furthermore, the current research study properly synchronizes the information about the area Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives and then come up with recommended solutions where it shows that there is future prospect of local tourism development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. For more than 10 years, it is noted that tourism industry had become one of the most prevailing sector in present financial system that marks a new era in the monetary history of Maldives (Towner Milne, 2017). The issue with local tourism development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives is that the ecology of this district and the reefs are extremely delicate. In addition, the issue that can be seen is the destruction of reefs from coal as well as sand mining in the development of first generation resorts. In case of coastal vegetation, it is noted that it is removed and altered at the time of construction of tourist facilities in this district. There is major conflict present between fisheries as well as tourism and that leads to exploitation of resources that became one of the major environmental issue. The Tourism Ministry had imposed strict regulations as well as guidelines for resort construction and operations at the same (Telfer Sharpley, 2015). The literature review section explains the challenges of tourism development in the Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives and then the recommended solution at the same time. The section properly highlights the issues that govern towards tourism development. According to Shakeela Becken (2015), Maldives belongs to fragile island ecosystem and this is the reason it is extremely vulnerable to some of the environmental threats like declining quantity and quality of freshwater, water pollution, loss of natural vegetation, beach erosion as well as natural and man-made degradation of the coral reef system. Some of the geographical challenges include smallness of the islands, problem with connectivity like transportation facilities, size of the inner lagoon, natural coastline as well as present flow pattern of the coast and health of the island vegetation (Sharpley Telfer, 2014). There is several multi-use conflicts take place in Maldives when the reef areas are primarily between the two main areas users that include both fisheries and tourism. In order to solve the problem that take place because of conflict of interest, 15 dive sites have been affirmed as protected areas (Shakeela Weaver, 2016). With the implementation of Tourism Master Plan, it will be required to help inhabited islands near resorts for establishing a self-financing waste management scheme that include increased number of populated islands with a implementation sustainable waste management scheme, re-cycling, proper disposal as well as waste collection and awareness programs. It is needed to support government who should establish or develop a proper waste management system on Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. It is needed to work with councils for establishing appropriate waste management services in preferred populated islands. As rightly put forward by Ponting (2014), The Environment Protection Agency had engaged in identifying a number of marine protected areas as well as responsive environments in and across Maldives and some are yet to be developed or planned by the near future. On analysis, it is noted that some of the marine and global biodiversity hotspots are critical for the environment as well as nature conservation. Furthermore, efforts need to be taken for managing these areas that have been disadvantaged because of lack of correct management plans as well as method for enforcing management plans in the most appropriate way. There are some the case that leads directly to site overuse as well as resource sharing conflicts between fisherman, tourism business and sand miners. Some of the development plans need to be implemented especially in places where tourism business is active (Perry Morgan, 2017). According to Naylor (2015), it is important to properly manage the marine protected areas as well as selected responsive environments for minimizing human impacts with management plans as developed after discussion with the government agencies that include most of the private industries and the public ones. It is needed to create a Tourism Planning Committee at nationwide level so that they will plan to listen to the grievances over natural resources use that involves tourism activities. Create marine managed areas in resort house reefs As opined by Mowforth Munt (2015), The Maldives had publicized a national level policy for making the country as biosphere reserve. Here, the house reefs need to be managed because of their importance to the tourism product as it is related to aesthetics, diving and snorkeling. In addition, the tourism business actually leads the way in environmental administration as well as conservation in the Maldives. Furthermore, the biosphere reserve theory mainly act as an opportunity for the business leaders for rule completion that will guide resorts for managing house reefs in an effective way. After implementation of the program, it will be easy to conserve as well as manage marine environment in and around resort islands. In this way, tourism sector help in driving the national biosphere reserve program in the near future. Some of the impacts that get affected by the behaviors of tourist are damage to coral reefs, increasing waste as well as energy consumption. In order to solve this, national level campaign had been conducted to assist the visitor behavior that aligns with the environmental standards as and when required. Furthermore, the strategy used help in assisting the reputation of Maldives as a premier eco-friendly objective for the tourists (Mohamed King, 2017). With the information gathered, it is noted that Maldives is treated as one of the susceptible countries where there is predicted global climate change as well as lasting continued existence for the tourist who visit the place. In case of medium-term, impact takes into account seas that may inundate low lying islands as well as sea surface temperatures that are combined by sea level rise as it affect the growth of corals and their natural adjustment abilities and increasing severe weather that directly affects the ideal climatic conditions in Maldives. Furthermore, the tourism sector had been treated as exposed place as the islands are small, geographically unbalanced as well as depends upon healthy coral reefs as it is located within 100 meters of the shoreline. Research Objectives To encourage local tourism development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives To identify the issues that hampers the tourism development in Maldives To recommend solutions to the issues identified and plan for development in the tourism sector in Maldives (Modica Uysal, 2016). How far local tourism can be developed in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives? What are the issues or challenges with local tourism development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives? How can local tourism possible in Gaafu Dhaalu, Maldives and its importance for the same? Research Paradigms or philosophy are a system of thinking as well as basic orientation to theory and research (Lee, Hampton Jeyacheya, 2015). Furthermore, Epistemology is a concept of theory of information that refers to instances on what is treated as satisfactory information in the given research study. On the other hand, Ontology is one of the theory that explain whether the social world be deemed by anything that is external to social actors or something where the social actors built up activities from their own perceptions and actions of these actors. The three research paradigms are explained below with proper details and from that one will be selected by the researcher for this present research study on Local Tourism Development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. Positivism can be treated as a empirical and quantitative approach where the hypothesis testing are used for discovering the relationships as well as information that are generalizing to the population that include rational empiricism, developmental, psychodynamic, covers law model and behaviorism (Jaleel, 2013). Realism is quite similar to positivism philosophy that actually commit to an external reality where the scientists should have their attention aimed at towards a common goal. Here, the researcher can share the belief where the natural and social sciences can make use of same methods for collecting data and it widely differs as it admits the notional terms and not directed to pragmatic clarification. Realism actually states the reality that need to be understood by use of natural science methods (Horner Swarbrooke, 2016). Interpretivism signifies a research approach used for the social sciences that have to respect the differences between the objects that are studied in the natural sciences and the people. It can be said that Interpretivism is opposite to Positivism. Here, the researcher believes that the study of social world needs different prospect of research approaches where one highlights the difference from the world of nature to humans. Interpretivism actually understand on how people creates as well as uphold their social worlds by using thorough observation of people in natural surroundings in the most appropriate way (Fallati et al., 2017). Justification of using Positivism Research Philosophy After complete analysis all the other research philosophy, the researcher will be using Positivism research philosophy as links with the current research study on Local Tourism Development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. The research will be using both primary data and secondary data that will lead to scientific data collection method and this is possible only if the researcher selects Positivism research philosophy for the present study. Positivism actually supports the natural science methods that can be applied to the study of social reality and this is the only reason why researcher has to select this philosophy because it is important to know how far the tourist and the local people desire to have Maldives as a place to be develop in the near future (Chaudhuri Ray, 2017). There is lot of difference between deductive and inductive approaches used in the research and it is essential for the researcher to know and then decide what is appropriate in the present research topic on Local Tourism Development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives (Ali, Cullen Toland, 2015). The two research approaches are explained below with proper details and from that one will be selected by the researcher for this present research study on Local Tourism Development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. In case of deductive approach, the main emphasis is on the causality as well as begins with a hypothesis. This approach aims as well as tests the theory because it is already present before and then the researcher only analyzes and draws conclusions to existing theories. Deductive approaches are associated with quantitative data collection (Buckley, Shakeela Guitart, 2014). In case of inductive approach, the main focus is on using the research questions to narrow down the scope of the research study. This theory is innovative where the researcher comes out with new theory that can be taken from the data that are not used before. Inductive approaches are associated with qualitative data collection. Justification of using deductive approach After complete analysis all the other research approach, the researcher will be using deductive approach as links with the current research study on Local Tourism Development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. Deductive approach is used over inductive approach by the researcher as they use existing theories for the study and then draw conclusions at the end (Ali, Cullen Toland, 2015). Tourist guides who are responsible to show the place Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives will be interviewed as they have complete information. The other secondary data that will be used for the present study is reputed journal databases, books and websites on Tourism Ministry of Maldives (Buckley, Guitart Shakeela, 2017). The researcher will be selecting random probability sampling for selecting local residents of Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives and individuals who visit Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. Convenient sampling technique will be used by the research to select tourist guides who are working in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives (Ali, Cullen Toland, 2015). The researcher will be distributing questionnaires to the tourists who visit the place (Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives) and local population in that district to understand how far developed the district is and how far it is possible to develop in the near future. Questionnaire method will be used by the researcher in order to get proper insights of information on local tourism development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives (Becken et al., 2014). The researcher will be conducting Face-to-Face Interview with the Tourist guides while visiting Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. By interviewing the tourist guides of that place, it will be easy to gather facts and information on the present status of tourism industry in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives and future prospect in that particular place that can attract more tourist to visit that place (Arnall Kothari, 2015). Researcher will be collecting quantitative data and present it using tables and graphs. The quantitative data will be analyzed by using different statistical methods like regression and correlation. Questionnaire will be distributed to the local residents of Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives and tourist who visit Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. By using GoogleForms, questionnaire will be sent to the respondents via emails. The information collected will be computed with the help of SPSS software (Amzath Zhao, 2014). Researcher will be collecting qualitative data by using thematic data analysis approach where themes will be made that directly aligns with the research objectives and research questions for the research topic on Local Tourism Development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. Ethical considerations The researcher has the responsibility to collect valid and reliable data from the present research study otherwise the whole purpose of the study will be in waste. The sources used for data collection should be valid and checked by use of pilot study so that there is no room for mistakes (Ali, Cullen Toland, 2015). The researcher will be conducting interview session with the tourist guides so the researcher cannot force any of the tourist guides to participate in the research study before prior consent and the respondents too have equal right to refusal if they have no interest to participate in the interview session. The respondents have full right to skip any of the questions that they feel is not appropriate. The questions asked by the researcher should not harm the sentiments of the respondents by any kind. The researcher needs to keep the information collected by this interview confidential because any leak of information will be punishable under Data Protection Act. Under this Act, researcher will be punished if they are using the information for personal use or involving any third-party to it. After the research is over, the researcher need to destroy the information and facts collected for the study so that there is no chance of this information to become public once again (Alam Paramati, 2017). It was difficult for the researcher to conduct this present study because it had too many limitations that the researcher had to overcome. The researcher had been allocated limited time to conduct the research study and this was one of the vital limitation that restrict the researcher to get into in-depth analysis on the present research topic. The researcher even faced difficult as there was limited financial resources to conduct the research study and this restrict in use of expensive theories and tools for the study. As the researcher had conducted interview session, it was difficult to match with the time frame as the tourist that were interviewed were busy with their work and very few showed interest to answer the questions asked by the researcher. Most of the tourist guides were reluctant in answering the question as they were not comfortable to share confidential information about that place. Main Activities 1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5th week Selection of Research Topic Local Tourism Development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives Drafting of research objectives and research questions Review of Literature Research design Quantitative data collection Qualitative data collection Limitation of the research study Submission of the research proposal Conclusion At the end of the research, it is concluded that there is a scope of tourism development in districts like Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. It is just important to highlight issue or challenges that restrict tourism development in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. It is because tourism is the most popular sector that earns the maximum GDP and thus preserve the traditional essence of any place. The tourist attraction places should be preserved so that individuals can go and visit those places and gain knowledge on why that place is famous and find out most unique experience. Every place has its own significance and beauty so any issue that is hampering this should be attained by the Tourism Ministry of Maldives. The above research properly identifies the issue and provides solutions that will surely make Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives a perfect tourist attraction or destination in the upcoming years. Reference List Alam, M. S., Paramati, S. R. (2017). The dynamic role of tourism investment on tourism development and CO2 emissions.Annals of Tourism Research,66, 213-215. Ali, V., Cullen, R., Toland, J. (2015). ICTs and tourism in small island developing states: The case of the Maldives.Journal of Global Information Technology Management,18(4), 250-270. Amzath, A., Zhao, L. (2014). A study of the relationship between carbon emission and tourism development in Maldives.African Journal of Business Management,8(20), 962. Arnall, A., Kothari, U. (2015). 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